One of the greatest joys of parenting is discovering tools that truly help our children thrive. For kids with sensory sensitivities, especially those on the autism spectrum, noise-cancelling headphones for autism can make a world of difference. They can reduce distressing sounds and bring a sense of calm to overwhelming environments.
For parents navigating sensory needs, finding the right headphones can feel daunting. In this article, we’ll explore why noise-cancelling headphones are often recommended for autism, how they work, and what to look for when choosing the best pair for your child.
The benefits of noise-canceling headphones for autism
Many autistic individuals experience unusual responses to sensory input, including sensitivity to sound. Noisy environments can be overwhelming, especially for children on the autism spectrum.
Some may be hypersensitive to certain sounds, while others may seek out specific auditory experiences.
Noise-canceling or noise-reducing headphones can be a helpful tool for managing sound-related sensory challenges. These headphones work by either blocking out background noise or playing calming sounds to reduce auditory overload.
For some, this means less distraction; for others, it provides a soothing sensory experience.
Choosing the right headphones depends on the child’s specific needs. Some may benefit from using headphones in crowded places like shopping centers, schools, or during travel.
Others may use them to sleep more peacefully, concentrate better during tasks, or relax with music or white noise.
The right product should provide effective sound reduction while remaining comfortable and safe for daily use. Features like good sound quality, adjustable volume, and a snug fit can make a big difference.
When used thoughtfully, these headphones can support autistic children and adults by improving focus, easing anxiety in loud spaces, promoting relaxation, and helping manage sensory overload.
What is the difference between active noise cancellation and passive noise isolation?
When considering noise cancellation requirements, it is important to note the differences between active noise cancellation (ANC) headphones and passive noise isolation (PNI) ones.
Though their basic purpose is the same, the way they function is very different.
ANC headphones
Active noise-canceling headphones cancel out ambient noise by creating equal but opposite noise.
NC Headphones that do a good job will make playing music like a surround sound experience while protecting the ears by making actual volume less important.
The only ANC headphones that exist are electronic and, as such, require a power source.
PNI headphones
Essentially, PNI headphones mold to your personal ear to block out ambient noise and allow you to listen to music at a lower volume than you would with other headphones.
All headphones have some PNI, but the ones that fit your ear in a customized way are better.
Are noise-canceling headphones good for autistic children? One autistic teen shares his experience
Noise-canceling headphones are often recommended for autistic children who experience sensory overload, especially in noisy environments. But how effective are they, really?
To find out, we spoke with Jonas Goddard, a 13-year-old autistic teen who has used noise-canceling headphones for several years. He shared his personal insights and tips for choosing the best headphones for sensory sensitivity.
*Photo credit: Jonas Goddard.
Interview with Jonas: Noise-canceling headphones and autism
Jonas shared his tips with me, as well as his wealth of knowledge on noise-canceling headphones for autism. He also shared his personal recommendations based on his preferred brand and model.
Q: What made you start using noise-canceling headphones?
A: To relax and not be overwhelmed.
Q: How old were you when you first used them?
A: Around nine.
Q: What did they feel like at first?
A: It was definitely cool and relaxing. For example, when I first used them, they even removed the distracting sound coming from the fan. It also relieved me of stress
Q: Which headphones do you recommend?
A: AirPods Pro. They cancel noise but can also switch to hearing mode, so you can hear what’s around you.
Q: What would you say to a parent who is deciding whether or not to purchase noise-canceling headphones for their child?
A: Maybe try out someone else’s and ask them how they feel about using them and if they would be helpful to them or not.
Q: When do you use sensory headphones the most?
A: Busy places or at a party if I don’t know anyone there. And at home, if I just want to relax.
Q: Do you use headphones while you sleep?
A: No, headphones or earbuds don’t feel good when I am sleeping.
Jonas also noted that he prefers wireless earbuds for walking around and wired over-ear headphones for gaming or relaxing at home.
Noise-canceling headphones can be a helpful tool for autistic children, providing comfort in loud environments and making everyday life more manageable. Parents may want to let their child try different types to find the right fit.
Negative sides of using sensory headphones
In noisy places, autism headphones can be a lifesaver. But they can also make communication tricky, especially when a quick response is needed.
While these headphones are excellent for reducing stress from overwhelming sounds, they also block out voices, important instructions, and even potential dangers.
In busy environments or public settings, this can create challenges. A child might not hear their parent calling, or a student might miss cues from a teacher.
Even for autistic adults, noise-reduction headphones can make social interactions harder. Others may assume they’re uninterested or unavailable to talk, simply because they’re wearing headphones.
Despite these challenges, noise-canceling headphones are a valuable tool. With increased awareness and understanding, they are becoming more accepted in everyday life.
More people, including public figures, now wear headphones regularly, helping to normalize their use and reduce stigma.
Understanding how and when to use them, and being mindful of potential drawbacks, can help families and educators make the most of this helpful sensory tool.
How to choose the best noise-cancelling headphones for kids
There are many things to consider when choosing headphones for your child. Here are a few:
- over-ear headphones
- in-earbuds
- on-ear headphones
- wireless headphones
- ear plugs
- sound quality
- noise reduction rating
- battery life
- ambient noise
- sleep headphones
- sensory overload vs sensory seeking
- comfortability
- easy access
- cheap pair vs expensive
- age of the child
- sound quality
Over-ear headphones
Pros
- feel more secure
- adjustable headband
- super soft padding
- younger children may find these easier to keep up with
- sound quality may be better
Cons
- can be hot on the head
- may contribute to a claustrophobic feeling
- not as easy to remove to hear outside things
- can feel a bit bulky
In-ear headphones
Pros
- easy to remove one if you need to hear outside sound for a bit
- cooler and less bulky on the head
- may be more comfortable for sleeping with
- small and inconspicuous
Cons
- can be uncomfortable if they lack sufficient padding
- may fall out/get lost easier
- may not be the best option for small children
Wireless products
I’ll outline some of the benefits and downsides of wireless products below.
Pros:
- freedom of not being attached
- more sleeping options
- often have a charging case available
- less dependent on the kind of device paired (wires must plug in, newer technology may not have the matching port)
Cons:
- dependent upon battery life
- may be dependent on Bluetooth technology
- can be more pricey
Noise-canceling earplugs (ear defenders)
Choosing this type of earplugs can be a great alternative. The noise reduction rating (NRR) can assist in the decision. The higher the NRR, the more sound is reduced.
The highest noise reduction rate is 33 for earplugs. Combining ear defenders with ear muffs or ear cups can provide a possible reduction rate of 36.
Pros:
- great for kids and adults alike
- can be less pricey
- comfortable
- great sleep headphones
- not reliant on battery life
- wireless
- easy to remove one to hear outside sounds
- can be combined with over-ear cups or other over-ear protection
Cons:
- can’t be used alone for listening to music or other sounds
Noise reduction headphones
Pros:
- reduce background noise, not cancel it out
- allow us to hear loud noises at a safer volume
- better for classroom settings, making it easier to hear the teacher, etc
- safer sleep headphones
Cons:
- not always sufficient for loud environments
- doesn’t cancel as much sound
Should headphones be used for young children?
Sometimes, younger children have a harder time with headphones. Depending on the kind, they may find them uncomfortable, easier to lose, or just not take care of them as well as older children might.
There are some brands that are specifically made for younger kids. There are also options that come in fun beanie styles that can be extremely comfortable and easy to sleep in.
Meeting sensory needs with confidence
Noise-canceling headphones can help some autistic children as well as autistic adults. Other children with sensory processing disorder and other sensory needs may benefit from them as well.
Choosing the best headphones for your child doesn’t have to be overwhelming. On the contrary, meeting your child’s needs and reducing frustration can be an extremely rewarding endeavor.
FAQs
Q: How to choose the best noise-cancelling headphones for kids?
A: Look for adjustable, lightweight headphones with a volume limit of 85 dB to protect young ears. Choose models with soft ear cushions and active noise cancellation that effectively reduce background noise without overwhelming the child.
Q: Do noise-canceling headphones help with autism?
A: Yes, they can help reduce sensory overload by blocking out overwhelming background noise. Many autistic individuals find them useful in noisy environments like classrooms, stores, or public transport.
Q: Is noise-cancelling headphones good for ADHD?
A: Yes, noise-canceling headphones can help individuals with ADHD focus by minimizing distractions. They create a quieter environment, which can improve attention during tasks like reading or studying.
Q: When should you not use noise-cancelling headphones?
A: Avoid using them in situations where you need to stay alert to your surroundings, like walking near traffic or in unfamiliar public areas. They may also not be ideal during conversations or activities requiring full auditory awareness.
Q: Is it bad to sleep with noise-canceling headphones on?
A: Sleeping with noise-canceling headphones can be uncomfortable and may pose risks like ear pain or pressure if used regularly. Wireless models without cords are safer, but prolonged use may still impact ear health and sleep quality.
References
American Psychiatric Association (2013). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM 5. 5th Edn. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.
Landon J., Shepherd D., Lodhia V. (2016). A qualitative study of noise sensitivity in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Res. Autism Spectr. Disord. 32, 43–52. 10.1016/j.rasd.2016.08.005
Pfeiffer, B., Stein Duker, L., Murphy, A., & Shui, C. (2019). Effectiveness of Noise-Attenuating Headphones on Physiological Responses for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders. Frontiers in integrative neuroscience, 13, 65. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2019.00065
Pfeiffer, B., Stein Duker, L., Murphy, A., & Shui, C. (2019). Effectiveness of noise-attenuating headphones on physiological response https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2019.00065/full
Hellner, A. N. (2021). Noise-Cancelling Headphones as an Intervention to Maintain Classroom Time Spent On-Task for Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nevada, Reno). https://search.proquest.com/openview/043738f925f75dde45408020b52faefd/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
Pfeiffer, B., Erb, S. R., & Slugg, L. (2019). Impact of noise-attenuating headphones on participation in the home, community, and school for children with autism spectrum disorder. Physical & occupational therapy in pediatrics, 39(1), 60-76. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01942638.2018.1496963
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